滇西南实蝇的种类及其多样性分析

Analysis on Species Diversity of Fruit Fly in Southwestern Yunnan

采用性诱剂诱捕法于2007～2008年对滇西南具有代表性的南涧、柯街、镇康及耿马4个研究点的实蝇类群多样性进行了调查分析。结果表明,4个研究点共诱集到20种实蝇,其中南涧果实蝇为新记录种。对滇西南瓜果危害最重的是果实蝇属的桔小实虫、南瓜实蝇和瓜实蝇等5种。耿马捕获的实蝇种类最多,为18种;其次为镇康,捕获到13种实蝇;南涧和柯街各捕获到10种实蝇。在4个地区中,镇康的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Simpson优势度指数最高,随着海拔升高,多样性指数降低,以海拔最高的南涧为最低。南涧Pielou均匀度指数最高,表明南涧实蝇各物种的个体数量分布比较均匀。相似性分析和聚类分析表明,耿马、柯街和镇康3个研究点之间实蝇类群相似性系数较大,而南涧与这3个研究点的实蝇类群相似性系数较小。分析表明,实蝇类群多样性受外界的影响较大。

The diversities of fruit flies species at four regions in southwestern Yunnan were investigated by using sex pheromone trapped method from 2007 to 2008. In total, 20 fruit fly species were trapped. The most species were trapped at Gengma, which were 18. There were 13, 10, and 10 species trapped at Zhenkang, Nanjian and Kejie, respectively. Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes and Simpson dominance indexes at the four regions de- creased with elevation rising. These two indexes showed the highest value at Zhenkang, while the lowest values were occurred at Nanjian. The highest value of Pielou evenness index was observed at Nanjian, indicating that the distribution of each species at this region is even. Similarity and cluster analysis showed that the similarity coeffi- cients were high among Gengma, Kejie and Zhenkang except Nanjian with low similarity coefficients. The results demonstrated that the diversity of fruit flies were highly affected by outside world.