愁极本凭诗遣兴 一成中隐一诗豪——“刘白”贬谪诗内容之比较

The Comparative Study of "Liu Bai"'s Relegated Poem Content

白居易、刘禹锡二人同庚,晚年诗歌酬唱,关系密切,有《刘白唱和集》,并称"刘白"。刘、白二人交情甚笃,均曾经历过痛苦忧愤之贬谪。贬谪期间二人凭诗遣兴,诗歌创作数量大,各成特色。他们听闻贬诏,均心怀惶怖;他们贬途劳苦,均满心凄怆;他们身临恶境,均苦闷抑郁;他们位处闲职,均落寞彷徨。他们同样选择了坚守,选择了超越。但不同的是,白居易在六年的江州、忠州转徙中,辩识了穷通,安放了一颗"中隐"之心,而刘禹锡在二十三年的磨难中,锻造出一身豪迈,养就了排云碧霄的志气胸襟。"唐人好诗,多是征戍、迁谪、行旅、离别之作,往往能感动激发人意。""诗穷而后工",这"感动激发人意"的效果,何尝不是诗人之痛苦所换来?

Bai Ju-yi,Liu Yu-xi had same age,they wrote poem and sang poem to each other in old age.They were very close and had an anthology of poems,and had been called ＂Liu Bai＂.Both of them had also experienced the relegation which is pain,worried and indignant.During the relegation period,only the poem could express their feelings,so they composed a lot of poems with their own characteristics.To face the relegation,both felt terrified;to experience the pain,both felt wretched;to stuck in the difficult situation,both felt depressed;to stay on an official post with little to do,both felt lonely and hesitated.But there were still some differences between them.In the six years of transfering from Jiang Zhou to Tong Zhou,Bai realized the reason why the official career succeed or fail,then he purposed an idea about ＂Zhong Yin＂（中隐）.However,Liu had forged a heroic characteristic and developed magnificent mind and ambition during the 23 years＇ hardship.Therefore,most of Tang dynasty＇s poem is concerned about war,relegation,travel and parting,these poems always can arouse and move people.Nevertheless,all these strong feelings are exchanged by the misery of poets.