拦挡坝对尾矿库溃决泥沙缓冲效应试验研究

Buffering Effect of Landslide Dam on Debris Flow Surging from Tailings Dam-break

为分析拦挡坝对尾矿坝溃决泥沙的拦截效果,以云南某在建尾矿库为工程背景,依据相似理论,并运用尾矿坝溃决模型试验装置,深入分析拦挡坝设防高度对尾矿坝溃决泥沙拦截效应。研究结果表明:拦挡坝高度决定了其对泥沙的拦挡效果,它是所拦挡泥沙的量的决定性因素,它决定了拦挡坝的库容,直接影响着冲向下游的泥沙量;随着设防高度的增加,尾矿库溃决泥沙到达库区同一特征过流断面处的最大淹没高度逐渐降低,泥沙到达下游同一过流断面处的时间也逐渐延后,泥沙对下游构筑物的冲击力呈逐渐减小趋势;泥深峰值及冲击力峰值与设防高度之间基本呈线性关系。

To study the buffering effect of a check dam on debris flow surging from tailings dam-break, a tailings pond under construction in Yunnan province was taken as a case. Flow characteristics of debris flow surging from tailings dam-break after adding a check dam were studied and experimentally using a tailings dam-break flume, and the corresponding preparedness of disaster prevention and reduction was put forward. The preliminary results show that：the buffering effect is determined by the height of the check dam, that with the height of the check dam increasing, the slurry height and the impact force at same cross section are gradually decreased, the time needed for the slurry arrives at the same cross section is gradually delayed, and that the relation between the height and the impact force peak is a roughly linear one.