辛基酚对泥鳅的毒性作用及鳃、肝的组织学影响

Acute and histological toxicity of octylphenol to gill and liver of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

【目的】探讨辛基酚(Octylphenol,OP)对泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)的毒性效应及对鳃、肝组织结构的影响,为评价酚类化合物对水生生物的毒害作用提供理论依据。【方法】采用单因子毒性试验法和组织切片法,检测OP对泥鳅的急性毒性效应,统计死亡率,建立回归方程,计算半数致死质量浓度(LC50)和安全质量浓度(SC),并观察OP对鳃、肝组织结构的影响。【结果】OP对泥鳅24,48,72和96hLC50分别为3.27,2.70,2.13和1.84mg/L,SC为0.55mg/L;0.52mg/L OP可导致泥鳅鳃小片顶端膨大、卷曲,细胞坏死脱落,肝细胞肿大、空泡化、核溶解、核变形及细胞溶解。【结论】OP属于高毒等级污染物,对泥鳅存在较强的急性毒性效应,且毒性随着质量浓度的增加及作用时间的延长而增强;当质量浓度小于SC的OP对泥鳅胁迫一段时间后,会导致泥鳅鳃、肝组织结构严重受损。

This paper studied the acute and histological toxicity of octylphenol（OP）to Misgurnus anguillicaudatus to evaluate toxicity of phenolic compound to hydrobiont.【Method】Methods of single factor toxicity test and histological observation were used to detect the acute toxicity effects of OP to Misgurnus anguillicaudatus,count the death ratios,build regression equations,and compute the median lethal concentrations（LD50）and the safety concentrations（SC）.The histological effects on gill and liver of M.anguillicaudatus were investigated as well.【Result】The 24,48,72,and 96 hours LC50 of OP were 3.27,2.70,2.13and 1.84mg/L,respectively,and the SC was 0.55mg/L.After being exposed to 0.52 mg/L OP,the distal of branchial leaflets enlarged and curled,and gill cells necrotizing exfoliated.Some liver cells became enlarged and bubbled,and cytolysis occurred after nucleus deformation and karyolysis.【Conclusion】OP had high toxicity to M.anguillicaudatus,and with the increase concentration and exposure time of OP,the toxicity effects increased.When being exposed to OP concentrations lower than SCfor a few days,the gill and liver of M.Anguillicaudatus were damaged severely.