河南省流动儿童免疫状况及影响因素调查

Investigation of Immunization Status of the Floating Population and its Affecting Factors in Henan Province

为了加强流动儿童的计划免疫管理 ,于 1999年 1月在河南省开展了流动儿童计划免疫状况调查。按照不同地理位置及聚集特点将流动人口聚居地分为 4类 ,在调查点内采取挨门逐户调查流动儿童的免疫接种情况。结果发现 :河南省流动儿童四种疫苗接种率均 <6 0 % ,“四苗”全程免疫覆盖率为 32 0 % ;大型农贸市场、建筑工地等流动儿童“四苗”全程免疫覆盖率(2 0 8% )低于其它类型地区 ;流动商贩子女的“四苗”全程免疫覆盖率 (2 5 1% )低于其它职业。说明流动性大是造成该人群免疫接种率低的主要原因 ,流动儿童家长对计划免疫工作的不理解及针对流动儿童的计划免疫服务存在漏洞 ,也是计划免疫工作存在的重要问题 ,提示流动儿童的免疫接种已成为制约我省计划免疫工作深入开展的关键。今后要进一步加大计划免疫的宣传力度 ,改进计划免疫服务方式 。

According to geographical distribution and inhabit characters of floating population in the whole province, we surveyed in Jan. 1999 the immunization status of the floating population. We discovered that the four vaccine immunization coverage rate in the floating population was lower than 60%, the whole course vaccination was only 32%. In four kinds of geographical areas compared, immunization coverage rates in the floating children of the big open markets and building sites were the lowest (20.8%) and that of the floating peddlers was lower than the other jobs (25.1%). The floating inhabitation is the main reason that affects the immunization coverage rate of floating population. The problems existing in the EPI work for floating population at present are that the parents are lack of understanding about vaccination and the shortcomings exist in EPI service. These problems have restricted the development of the EPI in depth in Henan. So we have to spread EPI propaganda among the masses, improve EPI service mode and strengthen EPI management in the floating population.