贵州黑马羊间性、无角、颌下髯及颈部肉垂遗传特征分析

Analysis on the genetic properties of Guizhou black horse-like goats with intersex,hornlessness,submaxillary beard and neck wattle

通过实际观察、杂交试验、考察育种记录、遗传分析和适合性检验,对贵州黑马羊间性、无角、颌下髯以及颈部肉垂特征遗传规律进行了研究,同时分析和探讨了黑马羊相关遗传特征表现的基因表达方式和遗传关系。结果表明:①"无角×无角"繁殖的F_1代无角羊占72.41%,有角羊占24.14%,无角间性羊占3.45%;②"有角×有角"繁殖的F_1代有角羊为100%。③"有角×无角"、"无角×有角"的正反交试验,F_1代无角羊占52.20%、有角羊占47.80%。④对166只19个群体的黑马羊统计,颌下有髯率为80.72%,颈部有肉垂率为19.28%;无角(P)对有角(p)呈显性,无间性(I)对间性(i)呈显性,颌下有髯对无髯呈显性,颈部有肉垂对无肉垂呈完全显性;有角山羊基因型为ppII,正常无角羊基因型为PPII、PPIi和PpII、PpIi,间性羊基因型为PPii、Ppii,且山羊间性与无角存在连锁关系。

Guizhou black horse-like goats＇ genetic properties such as intersex, hornlessness, submax- illary beard and neck wattle were researched by observation, cross experiment, breeding, genetic analy- sis and adaptability test,and the gene expression and genetic relation of some genetic properties were also analyzed and discussed. The results showed that 1）in the F1 of mating hornless goats with hornless goats,the hornless,horned, and hornless intersexual goats were 72.41%, 24.14% and 3.45% respec- tively;2）All the F1 of mating between horned goats were horned;3）In the horned ＇hornless＇ and ＇hornless horned＇ reciprocal cross experiments, F1 hornlesss and horned goats were 52. 20% and 47.80% respectively;4）In the 166 black horse-like goats of 16 populations,the goats with submaxillary beard was 80.72% and those with neck wattle were 19.28% ;The hornless（P）was dominant to the horned（p） ;The non-intersex（ I） was dominant to the intersex（ i）;The submaxillary beard was domi- nant to the beardless;The neck wattle was completely dominant to the non-wattled;The horned goat＇s genotype was ppII, the normal hornless goat＇s genotype was PPII, PPIi, PpII and PpIi,and the inter- sexual goat＇s genotype was PPii and Ppii, and also there was a linkage relation between the intersexual and the hornless.