日内瓦会议上中国解决印支问题方针再探讨

Re-exploration on China's Policy of Solving the Indochina Issue at Geneva Conference

奠边府战役中期,越南人民军实际已筋疲力尽,一度希望退至中国边境,由中国军队代其继续作战。美国的东南亚政策随中国援越抗法行动的变化而调整,美国无意直接军事卷入战争,而以建立东南亚集体防御联盟为主要目标。中国看出美国不可能大举干涉印支战争,故将解决印支问题的核心目标从防止美国扩大战争转变为阻止美国以搞军事基地、军事同盟为手段插足印支。中国通过妥协换取了日内瓦协议的签订。协议约束了美国的行为,也约束了中越结盟的可能,中立的老、柬成为美英法与中国冷战对峙的缓冲垫。

During the Middle of the Dien Bien Phu Battle, Vietnam People Army was actually exhausted, once hoped to retreat to China＇ s border and let Chinese army continue to fight. The U. S. ＇ s Policy in Southeast Asia got adjusted with China＇ s changes in assisting Vietnam and resisting France. The U.S. had no intention to in- volve the war directly, but establish collective defense alliance in Southeast Asia as its main target. China had seen the U.S. could not interfere Indochina war on a large scale and its core objective of solving Indoehina issue was changed from preventing the U. S. expand the war to not let the U. S. get involved in Indochina by establis- hing military bases and military alliances. China signed the Geneva Agreement in exchange for compromise. The agreement constrained the behavior of the U. S. and also the possibility of Sino-Vietnamese alliance. Neutral Laos and Cambodia became buffer area of Cold War confrontation between the U. S. , Britain, France and China.