终身发展视野下基础教育＂基础性＂的另一种反思--基于w小学1958届L班毕业生的生命历程回溯研究

A Different Reflection of the “Basic” of Elementary Education under the Perspective of Lifelong Development:A Retrospective Study

传统的基础教育"基础性"的研究范式期待补充与突破,从而呼唤基于生命历程的回溯性研究。在终身发展的视野之下,对W小学1958届毕业生的生命历程回溯研究发现:基础教育对受教育的个体具有终身的生命享用功能与价值;在基础教育的小学阶段,教师尤其是班主任对学生的终身发展有着极为重要的影响;基础教育对于个体的终身发展具有"二次作用"的生长机制;小学阶段基础教育最本质的教育品性应该是"宽松、愉快、包容、温暖、自信";一定意义上,知识的教育教学活动方式相比知识本身更容易留给个体终身难以忘怀的记忆和影响;小学阶段基础教育对个体最大的终身影响是"做人美德"的熏陶、浸润和培养。

In the field of elementary education, retrospective researches based on life process are needed as supplements and breakthroughs of traditional research paradigm. Under the perspective of lifelong development, we conducted a retrospective study on life processes of the 1958 graduates of W primary school. Results suggest that elementary education means lifelong enjoyment; teachers, especially head teachers, in elemental education stage are extremely crucial to students＂ lifelong development; elementary education has the function of re-growth for individual＇s lifelong development; the most essential characters of primary education should be ＂relaxing＂, ＂happy＂, ＂inclusive＂, ＂warm＂, and ＂confident＂; the way that knowledge were taught is harder to forget and more powerful than the content itself; and the most important effects of primary education on students＂ lifelong development are the inspiration and cultivation on ＂the virtue of being a human＂.