小兴安岭原始红松林的植被多样性

Vegetation diversity of Lesser Khingan virgin Korean pine forest

以小兴安岭凉水自然保护区为研究对象,采用生态群落学调查方法研究了红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis)红松林及落叶松(Larix gmelini)林地表植被群落结构特征及群落物种多样性。结果表明,红松林共有维管束植物36种,隶属22科32属,落叶松林共有维管束植物31种,隶属22科27属,二者均属稳定型植被群落。两种林型的物种丰富度指数(S)与物种多样性指数(SP)均表现为乔木层<灌木层<草本层,且红松林各层之间差异显著;物种多样性指数(SW)在落叶松林各层中差异不明显,但在红松林各层中存在显著差异,以草本层最高;物种均匀度指数(Jsw)在红松林中表现为乔木层>灌木层>草本层,在落叶松林中以灌木层Jsw指数最高,且明显高于红松林中各层指数。

The Liangshui National Nature Reserve in Lesser Khingan was taken as research object to study the vegetation community structure and vegetation diversity of Picea koraiensis forest and Larix gmelini forest, based on community-ecology survey method. The results indicated that, there are 36 vascular plant spices, which belong to 22 families and 32 genuses, in P. Koraiensis forest. And there are 31 vascular plant spices, which belong to 22 families and 27 genuses, in L. gmelini forest. Both of these two kinds of communities are stable vegetational communities. The species richness index（S） and species diversity index （SP） in these two kinds of forests are arborous layer〈shrub layer〈herb layer, and there are significant differences among different layers of P. koraiensis forest. There are significant differences among different layers of P. koraiensis forest, and the highest one is that of herb layer, but there is no significant difference among different layers of L. gmelini forest. Besides, the species homogenous index （Jsw） is arborous layer〉shrub layer〉herb layer in P. koraiensis forest. Shrub layer has the highest Jsw in L. gmelini forest, and it is much higher than that of P. koraiensis forest.