梭罗草幼穗分化过程的观察

Observations on spike differentiation of Kengyilia thoroldiana

2011年9月-2012年5月对梭罗草(Kengyilia thoroldiana)幼穗分化过程进行观察,结果表明,梭罗草幼穗分化是具有明显特征的连续变化过程,按库别尔曼划分原则可划分为初生期、伸长期、结节期、小穗突起期、颖片突起期、小花突起期、雌雄蕊形成期和抽穗始期8个时期。分化发育过程中,复穗状花序中上部小穗发育最快,后依次向上、向下进行,基部小穗发育最慢;复穗状花序的开花顺序是从中上部开始,依次向上、向下进行;每个小穗的开花顺序是基部先开花,依次向上进行。

The spike differentiation process of Kengyilia thoroldiana was observed by microdissection from Sep. 2011 to May, 2002. The results indicated that the spike differentiation of K. thoroldiana was a con- secutive process and presented a series of significant changes in morphological characteristics. Based on the method of Ф. М. КуПЕРМАН, this consecutive process could be divided into 8 stages： primary growth stage, elongation stage, single ridge stage, spikelet protuberances stage, glume protuberances stage, flo ret differentiation stage, gynoecium, stamen initiation stage and heading stage. During the process of dif- ferentiation, on the whole spike, the middle and upper parts of the spikelet developed first, and then grad- ually upward and downward in turn. finally, the basal spikelet developed. Flowering began from the top of the spikes, and then continued downward. On the single spikelet, the base part of the floret developed first, then developed from base to top gradually.