10个大黍品种在滇南的适应性及其评价

Aadaptation and evaluation of 10 Panicum maximum varieties in southern subtropical areas in Yunnan

于2006年对10个大黍(Panicum maximum)品种的生产性能和品质特性进行区域试验研究,旨在筛选出适宜于热带、亚热带地区种植的高产、优质牧草,以期为热区畜牧业的持续发展提供依据。结果表明,1)所引种牧草的存活率、越冬率都在94%以上,说明所引种牧草的适应性强;2)除TD-58坚尼草、坦桑尼亚大黍和热研8号坚尼草感染了叶锈病以外,其他牧草的抗病虫害能力均较强;3)种植第1年,坦桑尼亚大黍干物质产量最高,为45.33t.hm-2,与MG-7 Aries大黍、MG-6 Atlas大黍、蒙巴萨大黍、热研8号坚尼草、热研9号坚尼草和TD-58坚尼草之间差异不显著;4)选择干草产量、粗蛋白、适口性和抗逆性作为综合评价供试品种优劣的指标,用灰色关联法评价牧草,结果表明,蒙巴萨大黍、坦桑尼亚大黍、热研8号坚尼草、MG-6 Atlas大黍和TD-58坚尼草居前5位,它们属高产、质优、适口性好、抗性强的高产优质牧草品种。

The experiment on the adaptation and evaluation of 10 Panicum maximum materials from Brazil and Hainan of China was conducted in southern subtropical areas of Yunnan from 2006 to 2007 for the pur- pose of establishing forage with high production and quality through selecting proper forage materials. The results were as follows. 1） Low temperature and drought were disadvantaged factors for the growth of fora- ges. The over winter rate of all the forages materials was over 94.00~. It showed that these forages could adapt to the condition and be used for the pasture establishment in southern subtropical zone. 2）In first year, the forages with high yield of dry matter were P. maximum cv. Tanzania, P. maximum cv. Momba- sa, P. maximum cv. Reyan 8, P. maximum cv. MG-6 Atlas, P. maximum cv. TD-58, P. maximum cv. MG-7 Aries, and P. maximum cv. Reyan 9. Their yields were 45. 33, 44. 47, 42. 59, 42. 11, 41. 281, 38.05, 34.22 t ~ hm-2, respectively. There were no significant difference among the trailed forages in terms of dry matter yield . 3）The dry matter yield, CP, palatability and resistance were analyzed by gray system theory to evaluate synthetically forages. The results showed that P. maximum cv. Mombasa, P. maximum cv. Tanzania, P. maximum cv. Reyan 8, P. maximum cv. MG-6 Atlas, and P. maximum cv. TD-58 were top five promising species of high yield, good quality, palatability and resistance performance forages.