棉花种仁含油量与主要经济性状相关分析(英文)

Correlation Analysis of Seed Kernel Oil Content and Major Economic Traits in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

高油分棉花品种选育成为棉花育种一个新的研究方向,明确陆地棉棉子油分含量与其他主要经济性状的关系对高油品种选育具有重要指导意义。本研究利用DPS V3.01数据处理软件分析了108份不同种质的种仁油分含量与粗蛋白含量、皮棉产量、衣分、铃重、单株结铃数、纤维长度、比强度及马克隆值和枯萎病病情指数、黄萎病病情指数等主要农艺性状的相关性。研究发现棉花种仁油分含量与棉花的皮棉产量、单株成铃、铃重和衣分主要产量构成性状不存在显著相关;棉花种仁油分与纤维整齐度指数、伸长率呈显著正相关;与纤维上半部平均长度有一定的正相关,但是没有达到统计学意义上的显著水平;与纤维比强度和纤维细度间无相关性;棉花种仁油分与枯萎病抗性有微弱的负相关,与黄萎病抗性不存在相关性。但是棉花种仁蛋白含量与油分含量存在显著负相关。本研究表明育种中提高陆地棉油分含量不会影响其皮棉产量,对抗病性的影响也很微弱,并且对纤维品质的提高有一定的促进作用。因此,在保证棉花枯萎病和黄萎病抗性、皮棉产量和纤维品质的基础上,选育高油分含量的棉花新品种是切实可行的,但选育种仁油分和蛋白质含量均高的品种难度较大。

One of the new directions in cotton breeding is to develop varieties with high oil content. In this study, we analyzed the relationships between the oil content of cottonseed kernels and other selected major economic traits of cotton. We used the DPS V3.01 data processing system to calculate linear correlation coefficients using experimental data for cottonseed oil content and other agronomic characteristics obtained from 108 cotton lines. There were no significant correlations between oil content and lint yield, boll numbers per plant, boll weight, and lint percentage. There were significant positive correlations between oil con- tent and fiber uniformity, and oil content and elongation. The positive correlation between oil content and the fiber upper half mean length was not statistically significant. There were no significant correlations between oil content and fiber strength or fiber fineness. Oil content was weakly negatively correlated with Fusarium wilt resistance, but showed no correlation with Verticilli- um wilt resistance. The results of this study indicated that improvement of the oil content of cottonseed kernels will not affect lint production, and only weakly affect disease resistance. The results further indicated that such improvement may improve the fiber quality to some extent. Cottonseed kernel protein content and oil content were significantly negatively correlated. The find- ings indicated that it will be feasible to produce new varieties with high oil contents combined with good disease resistance, high lint yield, and better fiber quality. However, it will be very difficult to breed new varieties with both high oil and high protein content.