儒家文化与社会保险:以近代中国职工强制储蓄为例

Confucian Culture and Social Insurance : A Case of Employee Compulsory Savings in Modern China

社会保险依据资金形成和风险分散可分为西方模式和亚洲模式。文章在分析儒家文化对亚洲社会保险模式影响的基础上,考察了处于工业化开端的近代中国的社会保险制度。通过统计分析、模拟估算和对比分析发现,广泛存在于各个行业中的强制储蓄制度形成了近代中国的社会保险,其积累方式和以家为核心的熟人间的风险分散特征契合了儒家文化,这对当代中国社会保险制度的完善具有借鉴意义。

Social insurance can be classified into western and Asian modes according to capital formation and the dispersion of risks. On the basis of the analysis of the effects of Confucian culture on Asian social insurance mode, this paper studies social insurance system in modern China which was at the beginning of industrialization. By statistical analysis, simulation esti- mation and comparative analysis, it shows that social insurance in modern China was formed from compulsory savings system widely spread in various industries whose accumulation ways and whose feature of risk dispersion a- mong acquaintances based on families fit in with Confucian culture, provi- ding some enlightenment for the perfection of social insurance system in con- temporary China.