工资决定、产业进入与相对优势发挥

Wage Determinants , Industry Entry and Comparative Advantages

基于2002年和2008年中国家庭收入微观调查数据(CHIPS),文章通过SRM模型探讨了中国服务业与制造业的工资决定和产业进入,并利用部分识别模型分析了产业间劳动力的配置效率。分析结果表明,如果将劳动者分为三类,第一类在服务业拥有相对优势,第二类在制造业拥有相对优势,第三类基本无差异,那么,第一类中90%以上都进入了服务业,第二类中少于30%进入了制造业,这是造成服务业与制造业工资差距的重要原因。分析还表明,劳动力在服务业中的配置是有效的,在制造业中的配置是低效的。

Based on Chinese Household Income Project Survey （CHIPS） in 2002 and 2008, this paper discusses wage determinants and industry entry in services and manufacturing industries in China by using switching regime model, and employs a partial identification model to analyze the allocation efficiency of inter-industry labor. It shows that if the labor is divided into three categories, namely the first category has comparative advantages in services industry, the second category has comparative advantages in manu- facturing industry and the third category has no differences, more than 90% in the first category has entered into services industry and less than 30% in the second category manufacturing industry, accounting for the income gap between services and manufacturing industries. It also indicates that the alto- cation of labor is effective in services industries, but inefficient in manufac- turing.