城市化影响下东南沿海中小流域洪灾风险分析——以甬曹浦地区为例

Analysis of flood risk of small and medium-sized river basins in southeast China under the impacts of urbanization:a case study of Yongcaopu area

在快速城市化发展影响下,中国东部中小流域洪灾风险不断加大,对人民生命财产造成较大威胁,并影响经济的持续发展。为此以甬曹浦地区为典型,基于遥感与GIS技术与层次分析法,从时、空变化两方面,分析了城市化对甬曹浦地区洪涝灾害风险的影响。研究表明:从空间上来看,城市化发展最快速的的区域,如宁波市辖区、杭州市萧山区,洪灾风险也最大;从时间上看,研究区2001-2006间的洪灾风险明显比1991-2001年间增长得要快。因此,像甬曹浦地区那样的经济快速发展的平原河网地区,经济发展应与环境相适应,并且在城市化过程中应加强水利设施的管理建设,增强城市防洪泄洪能力。

Under the impacts of rapid urbanization, flood risk of small and medium-sized river basins in eastern China continues to increase, which greatly threatens the life and property of people and influences the sustainable development of economy. Thus, taking Yongcaopu area as a typical case, this paper analyzes the impacts of urbanization on flood risk from the aspects of time and space based on the GIS and Analytic Hierarchy Process. Results show that, from the aspect of space, the most rapidly developed areas, such as Ningbo city, Xiaoshan district of Hangzhou, have the biggest flood risk ; from the aspect of time, the flood risk during the years of 2001 - 2006 increased more quickly than that during the years of 1991-2001. Therefore, in the rapid developing river basin areas, economic development should be made compatible with the environment. Moreover, in the process of urbanization, water conservancy facilities should be strengthened to improve cities capacity of flood control and flood discharge.