农民家庭林业经营模式选择影响因素实证研究——以辽宁省为例

An Empirical Study on Influencing Factors of Farmers’ Choices of Household Forestry Modes——A Case Study of Liaoning Province

以辽宁省为例分析了集体林权制度改革以后,农民家庭实行的单户经营和联户经营模式的特点,并运用调查数据对农民家庭林业经营模式选择的影响因素进行实证研究,认为,经营林地的基本条件、承包方式和农民的经营状况对农户林业经营模式选择有主要影响,承包期长、承包费高、林地交通便利、距离近便、纯林地、采伐指标易得、劳动力多、户主年长、林业收入高等条件下,农户愿意选择单户经营,反之愿意选择联户经营;农民家庭林业经营模式选择的基本原则是有利与无利权衡、风险规避或共担,说明农民是有理性的,在经营模式选择上是按利益最大化来考量取舍的。

Taking Liaoning as a case, this paper set out to analyze characteristics of two modes of management, i.e., single-household management and joint-household management, after the collective forest tenure reform, and probed into the factors which influence farmers＇ choices of different modes. The result shows that conditions of the forestland, terms of contract and household＇ s attributes, such as number of labor in household, age of the family head etc, are main factors influencing farmers＇ decision. Generally farmers prefer single-household management in condition of longer contract period, higher contract fee, better transportation, contracted forest within near reach, easy-to-get logging quota, adequate labor in household and a higher return of forestry, etc. Otherwise farmers would prefer joint-household management. The conclusion is that farmers are rational in making choices of man- agement mode, and stick to the basic principle of weighing advantages and disadvantages, risk avoiding and risk shar- ing with other households.