传统与求新:缅甸贡榜时期的戏剧

Tradition and Innovation:Myanmese Drama in the Alaungpaya Period

贡榜时期的剧作家们创作的剧本虽一如既往地强调佛教对社会道德的教化功能,但在人物描写、情节编排、场景设定等许多方面,能通过剧情编排来隐射现世、借古喻今、借古讽今,是贡榜时期戏剧文学作品最具现实意义的特点。在保留传统的缅甸戏剧创作素材,如佛本经故事的同时,结合时事,在情节和内容上赋予旧故事以新意,使其经远远超出本生剧呆板的说教和单纯的宗教训谕,更有针对性地想要去解决现世的种种社会问题,甚至透露出想要解救国家于危难的愿望,从而使作品表现出强烈的爱国主义和民族主义倾向。这一切,使得缅甸贡榜时期的戏剧文学向人们呈现出了一种既保留传统,同时又具有时代新意的面貌。

Myanmese drama developed into a flourishing period around the Alaungpaya Dynasty （1752 -1885）. Traditional music and dance, poesy, and the stories of Jataka were the main sources of Myanmese drama. The emergence of Siamese court play enriched the forms of Myanmese drama in this period with two representative dramatists named U Kyin U and UPon Nya, who showed great concern for social problems, and reflected them in their drama works, which revealed why the Myanmese drama of the Alaungpaya Period be-came very popular and had much social significance.