铅锌矿污染区不同林木根际丛枝菌根真菌与土壤因子的关系

Relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil factors in the rhizosphere of different tree species in Pb-Zn polluted mine

【目的】探讨铅锌矿污染地区不同林木根际土中丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)及球囊霉素(GRSP)与土壤因子的关系及其在生态恢复中的作用。【方法】在陕西凤县铅硐山铅锌矿区,采集7种不同林木的根系和根际土壤,测定根系AMF侵染率、AMF孢子密度、球囊霉素含量、土壤养分含量及土壤酶活性,研究不同林木根际AMF侵染率、孢子密度和球囊霉素与土壤因子之间的关系。【结果】AMF侵染率和孢子密度在不同林木根际土中差异显著,平均侵染率为44.64%,孢子密度平均2.34个/g,AMF侵染率和孢子密度无显著相关性。总球囊霉素(T-GRSP)含量与速效磷和速效钾含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)呈显著正相关(P<0.05),说明AMF可以通过分泌球囊霉素促进土壤团聚体的形成,增强土壤的保肥和缓冲能力。主成分分析表明,速效钾、碱解氮、速效磷、有机碳、脲酶、全氮、碱性磷酸酶及阳离子交换量是反映铅锌矿污染区土壤营养状况的主要因子。【结论】AMF孢子密度和总球囊霉素含量与土壤养分显著相关,可作为重金属污染地区生态系统环境状况检测的有效指标。

【Objective】 The research was conducted to explore the relationship between soil factors and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF）and glomalin.【Method】 Seven soil samplings in the rhizosphere of different trees were collected in Qiandongshan Pb-Zn mine,Feng County,Shaanxi Province.We investigated the relationship between them.【Result】 AMF colonization was up to 44.64% on average,the spore density averaged 2.34 per gram soil and the species difference was significant,but the rate of AMF colonization was not correlated significantly with the spore density.Glomalin was related with available P and available K（P0.01）,and related with cation exchange capacity（P0.05）,this indicated AMF can secrete glomalin to promote the formation of soil aggregates,enhancing the fertilizer retention capacity and buffering capacity of the soil.The principal component analysis shows that available K,alkali-hydrolyzable N,available P,soil organic carbon,urease,total N,alkaline phosphatase and cation exchange capacity are the main factors of indicating the soil nutritional status in Pb-Zn polluted mine.【Conclusion】 Our results showed that AMF was strongly correlated to the soil factors and glomalin.These were useful indicators for the building and perfecting of the index evaluation system in heavy-metal polluted areas.