桡动脉入路与股动脉入路行冠脉介入诊疗的护理研究

Nursing Study of Radial Artery vs Femoral Artery Access for Coronary Intervention

目的:对比桡动脉入路与股动脉入路行冠脉介入诊疗患者术后不良反应与并发症发生情况,研究相关护理的优缺点,有针对性的为护理提供依据。方法:将504例次行冠脉介入诊疗的患者分为A组(桡动脉入路组)270例次、B组(股动脉入路组)234例次,并观察、记录、对照二者的不良反应、并发症发生情况,并采用χ2检验进行分析。结果:A组患者穿刺侧肢体疼痛、烦躁失眠、腰背疼痛、排尿困难或尿潴留、局部皮肤损伤等情况的发生率明显低于B组,而动脉痉挛或畸形需更换入路或放弃的情况明显高于B组;手术并发症的发生情况中,A组患者拔管迷走神经反射、出血、血肿等情况的发生率明显低于B组,而动脉瘤、动脉闭塞、骨筋膜室综合征的发生率两组比较无显著性差异。结论 :桡动脉入路创伤小、并发症及不良反应少、卧床时间短、护理方便、安全,给患者带来的心理压力小,术后体位舒适,患者容易接受,值得进一步推广。

Objective：To compare the postopeartive outcomes of radial artery and femoral artery access for coronary intervention,and related side effects and complications.Methods：A total of 504 cases scheduled for coronary intervention were assigned into group A（radial artery access group,270 cases） and group B（femoral artery access group,234 cases）.Side effects were observed and compared between the two groups,data were analyzed with χ2 test.Results：The incidence of pain caused by puncture,irritability and insomnia,back pain,dysuria,or urinary retention,local skin injury was significantly lower in group A than that in group B;while failure or replacement of artery access occurred more frequently in group A than that in group B.As for complications,incidence of vagus nerve reflex and bleeding at extubation as well as hematoma was significant lower than that in group B.But no significant difference was found in the incidence of aneurysm,artery occlusion,and compartment syndrome between the two groups.Conclusion：With advantages of miniinvasion,low incidence of complications and side effects,short ward bounded period,and simple nursing,radial artery access is more acceptable and tolerable for coronary intervention.