兼职蛋白质及其哲学思考

Philosophic Thinking of Moonlighting Proteins

在蛋白质组学研究中 ,新近提出的兼职蛋白质概念正越来越受到人们的关注。研究发现 ,某些蛋白质因其细胞定位、细胞类型、寡聚状态的不同及其配体、底物、辅因子和产物在细胞内浓度的变化而表现出不同的功能 ,从而对细胞和机体产生诸多有益作用 ,并使其发展出一系列完善机制以实现不同功能间的转换。兼职蛋白质概念的提出不仅改变了一个基因—一种蛋白质—一种功能的传统观念 ,也为大分子间相互作用、细胞复杂性及生物多样性研究提供了广阔领域 ,同时也预示在完成基因组计划后生命科学将面临更为艰巨的任务。

In the research area of proteomics, moonlighting proteins are increasingly attracting scientists' attention. It has been found that the functions of some proteins can vary as a consequence of changes in cellular localization, cell type, oligomeric state, or the concentration of a ligand, substrate, cofactor and product, which benefits cells in several ways and makes cells develop sophisticated mechanisms for switching between the distinct functions of the proteins. The concept of moonlighting proteins not only has changed the idea of one gene - one protein - one function, but also adds another lever to our understanding of interaction between macromolecules, cellular complexity, and biologic multiformity, and also implicates the difficulty in life science studying after the success of the genome projects.