儿童青少年孤独感及与家庭功能的关系

The loneliness in children and adolescents and its relationship with family function

目的了解儿童青少年孤独感的一般情况，观察儿童青少年孤独感与家庭功能的关系。方法采用UCLA孤独感量表、家庭功能评定量表对190名学生及其父母一方进行测试，并分析儿童青少年孤独感情况，以及孤独感与家庭功能的关系。结果（1）年龄越大，儿童孤独感越强（F=12．95，P〈0．01）；独生子女孤独感小于非独生子女（t=2．39，P=0．018）；父母受教育越高，儿童孤独感越低（F=7．38，10．05；P〈0．01）；（2）家庭功能评分越差，儿童孤独感越高（r=0．576，P〈0．01）；情感介入与儿童青少年孤独感呈负相关（t=-2．443，P=0．016）。结论儿童青少年孤独感在年龄、是否独生及父母受教育程度等因素上存在差异；儿童青少年孤独感与家庭功能关系密切，情感介入越高，越有利于降低儿童孤独感。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of loneliness experience and the relationship between loneliness and family function in children and adolescents. Methods UCLA Loneliness Questionnaire and the McMaster Family Assessment Device were used in the survey in 190 students and 190 parents, one from each student. The prevalence of loneliness and the relationship between loneliness and family function was analized. Results （1） The older, the children＇s loneliness was stronger （F = 12.95, P=0.01）. The level of loneliness in the single child is lower than non--single child （t = 2.39,P 0. 018）. The higher education of the parents, the children＇s loneliness was lower （F = 7.38,10.05;P〈0.01）. （2）The lower family function score, the higher the children＇s loneliness （r= 0. 576, P〈 0.01）. Emotional intervention and loneliness in children and adolescents had significant negative correlation （t=-2. 443, P ： 0. 016）. Conclusions There is effect of age, single child, and parental education level on loneliness. The higher the emotional intervention, the lower level of loneliness in the children＇s can be achieved.