利用核质结合区(MAR)增强外源转基因表达的研究进展

New progresses in enhancing the transgenes expression with incorporating matrix attachment regions into expression construct

核质结合区(Matrix attachment region,MAR)是真核细胞染色质中与核基质结合的一段DNA序列。当大多数染色质蛋白和其他DNA被切割降解后,MAR仍能和核基质结合,或者能在竞争性DNA片段存在的条件下,在体外与纯化的核基质结合。将MAR构建于外源基因两侧时,能够增强外源基因的高效稳定表达,减少基因沉默。笔者评述了近年来应用MAR序列提高外源转基因在受体植物中表达的最新进展,分析了存在的问题。同时,对如何进一步应用MAR于转基因作物,提高外源转基因的功能表达进行了展望。

Matrix attachment regions （MARs） are operationally defined as DNA elements bound to the nuclear matrix after chromatin proteins and other DNAs are degraded, or that bound to extracted nuclear matrix in the presence of competitive DNAs in vitro. When constructing the MARs into a vector in neighborhood with transgenes, this frame usually results in enhancing efficient and stable expression of transgenes, or minimizing the gene silencing. This review will comment the advances in the effect of the MARs derived from different species and its variant ways of vectors in transgenic plants. We classify the successful events and potential problems published in recent years. We finally propose the further applfcation of MAR to modify the transgenes expression in the crop improvement.