EICU医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in EICU

目的针对医院的急诊重症监护病房(EICU)进行医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析,更好地控制医院感染以及合理控制临床用药。方法对2008年12月-2012年12月EICU发生医院感染的350例患者送检标本进行病原菌分离,分析其分布及耐药性。结果共检出医院感染病原菌1050株,其中革兰阴性杆菌520株占49.52%,革兰阳性球菌436株占41.52%,真菌94株占8.95%;革兰阴性杆菌对于喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类、第三代头孢菌素等抗菌物耐药率较高,革兰阳性球菌对克林霉素、左氧氟沙星、红霉素、青霉素有较高的耐药性,真菌的耐药率普遍较低。结论 EICU的病原菌分布应随时监测,根据监测结果合理使用抗菌药物,以此减少新耐药株的形成,同时降低医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in emergency intensive care unit（EICU）so as to guide the control of nosocomial infections and reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS The clinical specimens were sampled from 350cases of patients who were treated in the EICU during the period from Dec 2008to Dec 2012,then the isolation of pathogens was performed,and the distribution and drug resistance were analyzed.RESULTS Of 1050strains of pathogens causing nosocomial infections,there were 520（49.52%）strains of gram-negative bacilli,436（41.52%）strains of gram-positive cocci,and 94（8.95%）strains of fungi.The gram-negative bacilli were highly resistant to fluoroquinolones,aminoglycosides,and third generation cephalosporins;the gram-positive cocci were highly resistant to clindamycin,levofloxacin,erythromycin,and penicillin;the drug resistance rates of the fungi were relatively low.CONCLUSIONIt is necessary to keep monitoring the distribution of pathogens in EICU and reasonably use antibiotics on the basis of monitoring result so as to prevent the new drug resistant strains from emerging and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.