科尔沁沙地几种经济植物耗水特征研究

Study on Water Consumption Characters of Three Economic Plants in Horqin Sandy Land

在科尔沁沙地采用盆栽称重法对长柄扁桃(Amygdalus pedunculata Pall.)、白城欧李(Cerasus humilis(Bge.)Sok.)、桲椤桑(Morus mongolica(Bur.)Schneid.var.diabolica Koidz.)的耗水量进行了研究,并对苗木在不同灌溉量处理下的耗水特性及生长生理性能进行研究与评价。结果表明:在相同自然环境条件下桲椤桑为高耗水植物,长柄扁桃和白城欧李为低耗水植物;灌溉量越高净光合速率和光量子转化效率(Fv/Fm)值均呈现增加趋势,受影响程度为桲椤桑>白城欧李>长柄扁桃;随着干旱胁迫增大,叶片相对含水率减小,但是变化不明显,细胞质膜透性增大;不同灌溉处理下50%处理植株生长综合最好,其它3个处理基本表现为灌溉量越多,植株生长越好,其中叶面积与灌溉水平之间表现出明显的相关性(0.83～0.97),是体现植株水分匮缺的良好指标。

Water consumption of three economic plants Amygdalus pedunculata Pall.,Cerasus humilis（Bge.） Sok.and Morus mongolica（Bur.） Schneid.var.diabolica Koidz.were studied using potted weighing method in horqin sandy land,water characteristics and growth physiological properties of nursery stock in different irrigation quantity under the processing were researched and evaluationed.The results showed that in the same natural environment condition,Morus mongolica（Bur.） Schneid.var.diabolica Koidz.was hight water plant.Amygdalus pedunculata Pall.and Cerasus humilis（Bge.） Sok.were low water plant.The value of Pn and Fv/Fm increased as amount of irrigation.The variable quantity of three pants was that,Morus mongolica（Bur.） Schneid.var.diabolica Koidz.more than Cerasus humilis（Bge.） Sok.,Amygdalus pedunculata Pall.was the best.With the increasing of drought stress,the blade relative moisture content decreased,but the change was not obvious.Also,the cytoplasmic membrane permeability increased.In the four different irrigation treatments,they grew the best with 50% irrigation volume.The other three treatments were that the more irrigation quantity the better plants growth.Leaf area and irrigation level were related obviously.The value was 0.83 to 0.97.It was a good indicator to response the plant lacking of water.