冀北山地不同坡位华北落叶松人工林与油松天然次生林群落环境分析

Analysis of Community Environment of North China Larch Plantation and Natural Secondary Forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in Mountainous Area of Northern Hebei Province in Different Slope Positions

以冀北山地华北落叶松人工林与油松天然次生林为研究对象,对不同坡位气象因子、立地因子等方面的差异进行研究。结果表明:华北落叶松人工林内测定点温湿度均高于油松林,同一林分内温度差异不显著。落叶松林内照度随着海拔增加逐渐增大,油松群落内坡底照度最高。油松、落叶松群落随着海拔的增加,各样地相同土层间土壤质量含水量、饱和含水量、相对含水量逐渐减小,相同海拔落叶松林样地各土层水分指标均高于油松林。油松各样地内土壤容重随着土层深度的增加而增加,且随着海拔的增高,各样地相同土壤层次容重值增大。落叶松林变化均不显著。油松各样地土壤孔隙随着土层深度和海拔的增加均变小。落叶松林变化均不显著,但在相同土层上落叶松林土壤孔隙多于油松林。油松林地土壤颗粒随着土层深度的增加而减小,落叶松林则增大。油松及落叶松群落坡中样地土壤颗粒均较大。2个林分土壤pH随着土壤层次的增加而增加,土壤养分含量随土层深度增加而递减;随着海拔增高,相同海拔落叶松林内有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效钾含量均高于油松林,而速效磷则相反。

Taking north China larch plantation and natural secondary forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in northern mountain areas of Hebei Province as the research objects,the difference of meteorological factors,site factors in different slope positions were studied.The results showed that the temperature and humidity of north China larch plantation were higher than that of natural secondary forest of Pinus tabulaeformis,and the temperature difference was not significant.Larch forest illumination increased as altitude increased gradually,Pinus tabulaeformis communities within the highest slope bottom had the highest illumination.With the increase of altitude,variety of water content,saturated water content,relative water content in the same layer soil decreased gradually,the same altitude larch forest plots of each soil moisture indexes were higher than that of Pinus tabulaeformis.Of Pinus tabulaeformis in soil bulk density,with the increase of soil depth,and along with the increase of altitude,the same level of soil bulk density increased.Larch of inner soil bulk density with soil and elevation changes were not significant.The soil pore types of Pinus tabulaeformis decreased with soil depth and altitude increased.Larch kinds of soil void with soil did not change significantly,but along with the increase of altitude change.In the same soil layer,larch forest soil pore was more than Pinus tabulaeformis forest.In Pinus tabulaeformis forest soil particles decreased with the increase of soil depth,larch forest increased.Pine and larch community slope soil particles were large sample.Soil pH in two forests increased with soil layer increased,soil nutrient content of larch,Pinus tabulaeformis forest variety decreased with soil depth increase.The same altitude deciduous forests of organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available potassium content were higher than that of Pinus tabulaeformis forest,but available P was the opposite.