赤霞珠葡萄籽油的提取及脂肪酸成分分析

Extraction and Fatty Acid Composition Analysis of Cabernet Sauvignon Grape Seed Oil

为了提高酿酒葡萄皮渣附加值,以石油醚、正己烷和乙醚为溶剂,采用索氏提取法提取赤霞珠葡萄酿酒后残渣中葡萄籽油,并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析葡萄籽油中脂肪酸的成分和含量。结果表明:乙醚的提取率最高,达到15.59%。3种有机溶剂提取的葡萄籽油中脂肪酸类相同的化合物有22种,其中亚油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸等主要成分种类相同,但含量相差较大,乙醚提取的亚油酸相对含量为80.83%,比石油醚提取高3.75%。说明不同有机溶剂提取得到的脂肪酸成分有差异,主要成分种类无差异,但主要成分的相对含量差异较大。

Cabernet Sauvignon grape seeds were picked out of grape pomace,the residue left after wine making,and extracted by Soxhlet extraction method separately using different solvents,petroleum ether,n-hexane and ether,to obtain grape seed oils.The seed oils were analyzed by GC-MS for fatty acid composition.The highest extraction efficiency（15.59%） was achieved by using petroleum ether.A total of 22 fatty acids were detected simultaneously in all the solvent extracts,among which linoleic acid,palmitic acid and stearic acid were dominant showing a significant difference in their amounts.The relative content of linoleic acid in the either extract was 80.83%,which was 3.75% higher than in the petroleum ether extract.These data suggest that the fatty acid composition of grape seed oil varies depending on the extraction solvent and the major fatty acids in seed oils extracted with different solvents are the same but in different amounts.