中国日语学习者作文词汇量及高频词目研究

A Corpus based Study of Vocabulary Size and Common Vocabulary in Chinese Japanese Learner's Composition

日语本族语语料的词目统计结果显示,为了能顺利完成口语交际任务,学习者至少需要掌握3559个单词,而要成功实现书面语交际目标,单词量必须达到6 451以上。而对比本族语语料和学习者语料的高频词目则可以发现,中国日语学习者对于名词、形容词、形容动词、副词以及复合辞等的使用明显过度,对部分助动词、准体助词以及终助词的使用能力则存在不足。总体而言,学习者对于表达语气的词汇运用偏少,导致表达单调、缺乏交互性。

Statistics on the Japanese native corpus show that the learners need to master at least 3559 words to complete the oral communication tasks and 6451 words or more to complete the written communication tasks successfully. The comparisons on the high-frequency words between the native corpus and learner＇ s corpus show a clear tendency of excessive usage on the nouns, adjectives, Japanese NA-type adjectivs, adverbs and compound particles in the Japanese learners＇ output. But the frequency of usage on the nominal particle, part of the auxiliary verbs and the sentence-final particles are lower. Overall, the Japanese learners in China use too few words to express the tone, leading to monotonous expression and inadequate interactivity.