我国差别化水资源费调整机制研究

Studies on differentiation of water resources fees in China

我国的水资源费管理虽然在不断完善,但目前仍存在标准制度不科学、调整机制不合理等问题。差别化水资源费是综合考虑时空、用途、用量等方面的一种定价方法,通过水资源资产化的差别程度来实现水的高效配置。随着经济社会发展,传统的基于地租理论及价值理论的差别化水资源费定价方法已经不能满足社会发展的需求,影响水资源费的外部因素增加,水资源费的差异性更多地表现在供求关系、社会效应、经济效益、环境影响等方面。建立兼顾各方利益的水资源费调节机制并配合以政策支持,有利于实现水资源费的公平、高效配置和水资源的可持续利用。

Although the management of water resources fees in China is constantly improving, problems are existed in unscientific standard system and unreasonable adjustment mechanism. Differentiation of water resources fees is a kind of pricing method that places a focus on the factors of uneven distribution of water, usage and quantity and aims at high efficiency in water allocation. Traditional methods for differentiating water resources fees that based on Landtax Theory and Value Theory cannot meet the requirement along with social and economic develop- ment, with the involvement of more external factors that exerts influence on the fee collection such as relationship between supply and demand, social effect, economic benefit and environment impact. A mechanism with function of leveraging water resource fee and in the best interests of all stakeholders should be established, and supported by government policies, so as to achieve fair and effective water allocation and its sustainable utilization.