城镇居民和流动人口工资差距:户籍歧视还是性别歧视

Income Gap between Urban Residents and Floating Population: Household-Register Discrimination or Gender Discrimination

本文利用2012年城镇居民和流动人口的调查数据,对户籍工资差距、性别工资差距及影响因素进行了定量研究。数据结果表明:户籍歧视造成的工资不平等问题对于低工资收入人群来说相当严重;性别歧视造成的工资不平等及矛盾主要集中在低工资水平的就业者,而对于中高收入的劳动者而言,尽管收入越高性别工资差距越大,但都与个人特征相关;户籍工资差异和性别工资差异呈现出随收入增加而扩大的趋势,但鉴于工资差距原因不同,户籍歧视是主要阻碍劳动力市场的"帕累托效率"的问题所在。

Based on National Income Survey of 2012, this paper analyzes the inequality and contribution factors of Household Register income gap and gender income gap by quantitative studies. The results show that Income Inequality coming from Household - Register Discrimination is very serious; Gender discrimination and conflict focuses on low -wage labors while medium - high wage results in personal characteristic; Household- Register Income gap and gender Income gap present extensive trend along with increasing income. Household - Register discrimination is the key problem to ＇ Pareto efficiency＇ in labors market.