凉山彝族地区反贫困研究

Anti-poverty Research at Liangshan Mountain Yi Nationality Region

1956年凉山彝族地区民主改革以来,党和人民政府对凉山彝族地区的扶贫工作取得了很大的成绩。扶贫历程大致可分为单一救济式扶贫、体制性扶贫、经济开发式扶贫、综合开发式扶贫和可持续发展式扶贫五个阶段。与全国其他地区相比,凉山彝区的贫困实质属于慢性贫困,具有独特的成因及特征。凉山彝区慢性贫困问题之所以范围广、程度深、返贫率高且代际效应明显,是由于特殊的自然环境、民族历史、人文观念和经济基础等因素的综合影响。凉山彝区反贫困的基本经验启示我们,在今后的工作中,应正视民间力量"家支"在凉山彝区反贫困中的作用,审视"输血式"扶贫在凉山彝区反贫困中的重要性,重视贫困群众在凉山彝区反贫困中的主体地位。

Since the democratic reform at Liangshan Mountain Yi nationality region in 1956,the Party and the government have made great achievements to poverty alleviation work at Liangshan Mountain Yi nationality region.Poverty alleviation process can be divided into 5 stages;single-relief poverty alleviation,institutional poverty alleviation,economic development-styled poverty alleviation,comprehensive development-styled poverty alleviation and sustainable development-styled poverty alleviation.Compared with the rest regions of the country,the essentials of poverty alleviation at Liangshan Mountain Yi nationality region belonged to chronic poverty with unique causes and characteristics.Liangshan mountain Yi nationality region's chronic poverty issues were affected comprehensively by its special natural environment,national history,cultural values,economic basis and other factors.The basic experience of Liangshan mountain Yi nationality region's anti-poverty tells us that we should positively face folk power's effect at Liangshan Mountain Yi nationality region,examine the importance of 'blood transfusion'-styled poverty alleviation and pay attention to the poor masses' s dominant position at Liangshan Mountain Yi nationality region in the future.