计划生育门诊人流妇女性传播疾病的流行病学调查及防治对策

Epidemiological study and prevention measures of STD in women receiving abortion in family planning clinics

目的:进行计划生育门诊人流妇女性传播疾病的流行病学调查,并探讨其积极有效的防治对策。方法:选择从2009年1月至2012年12月于计划生育门诊做人工流产的1245例妇女进行妇科检查及问卷调查,并对患者的阴道和宫颈管标本进行病原体检测。同时取静脉血做梅毒血清和HIV检测。观察各种性传播疾病的发病情况并对危险因素进行统计学变量分析。结果:调查中1245例人工流产妇女,感染性病的有436例,约占35.02%;各种性病种类中,衣原体感染患者居多达46.10%,其次是非淋菌性尿道炎患者38.99%,淋病和尖锐湿疣的患者比率也较高,分别为7.11%和4.59%。性病患者的临床常见症状仍然存在意义,下腹痛、瘙痒、分泌物异常的出现仍然提示性病的可能。总体各种性病人群中流动人口分布人群较多,流动人口构成比达68.58%,明显高于非流动人口的31.42%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。且在研究中发现文化程度﹤5年、首次性交年龄﹤18岁、2个以上性伴侣、既往生殖道感染、流产次数>2次、避孕套避孕等与性病的发生有很强的相关性。结论:计划生育门诊人流妇女是值得关注的一个群体。性传播疾病的发生情况与多种因素有相关性,需要有针对性的实施防治措施,提高人群健康。

Objectives： To analyze the prevalence of STD in the population of women receiving abortion in family planning clinics from an epidemiological perspective and to provide effective prevention countermeasures. Methods ： From May 2011 to De- cember 2012, 1245 cases of women conducted abortion in family planning clinics were selected and given gynecological examina- tion including patient＇ s vaginal and cervical specimens for pathogen detection and venous blood for syphilis serum and HIV tes- ting. Results： 436 out of 1245 cases, accounting for 35.02%, were infected with STDs; chlamydia infection patients accounted for 46.10%, followed by non - gonococcal urethritis 38.99%, gonorrhea 7. 11% and genital warts 4. 59%. In diagnosis of STDS, common clinical symptoms are still significant： lower abdominal pain, itching, secretions abnormality still prompted STDs. The infection rate in floating population was 68.58%, taking up a higher percentage in overall STDs population, and was significantly higher than permanent residents＇ rate of 31.42%. This difference was statistically significance （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The study also found that education and other factors play significant role in the prevention of STDs. Conclusions ： Women receiving abortion at family planning clinics are a high - risk group in terms of STDs. The occurrences of STDs are correlated with various factors. The improvement of the health in this population requires targeted prevention and controls.