顶端降噪器在城区铁路声屏障工程中的应用

Application of Noise Reducer Installed at the Top in Sound Barrier Engineering of Urban Railway

铁路噪声作为铁路运行过程中的重要污染之一,必然会引起广大民众的重视。尤其是穿越城区的铁路两侧多分布多层或高层住宅建筑,对居民生活环境影响较大,需设置一定高度声屏障才能有效防治铁路噪声影响,但因接触网、工务维修作业等限界及运营安全要求,铁路声屏障高度受限制,鉴于此,从铁路工程实际应用中分析、解决如何提高声屏障的插入损失。从顶端降噪器降噪原理、声学计算、现场实测等方面进行对照分析,结果表明,可以利用声屏障顶端安装降噪器的方式替代超高声屏障,来解决高声屏障与各类构筑物的位置冲突问题。由此可以推断,既有电气化铁路改造工程、桥梁预留荷载不足时,均可通过加设顶部降噪器提高降噪效果。

Being one of the most heavy pollutions produced by railway operation, the railway noise is bound to cause general public＇s attention. Especially in the case of a railway line passing through the urban area, there are often many multilayer or high-rise residential buildings on the either side of the railway line, and then the impact of railway noise on the living environment of residents is far too big. So it is necessary to set up sound barrier with a certain height at this kind of places to effectively control the impact of railway noise. But because of the requirements such as on clearance limit of overhead contact line system, on maintenance working, on operation safety, etc. , the height of railway sound barrier is restricted actually. In view of this, from the actual application of railway engineering, the paper conducted an analysis to solve the problem of how to improve the insertion loss of sound barrier. From noise reduction principle, acoustic analysis, field measurement and other aspects of noise reducer, a comparative analysis was also conducted by the paper. The results show that, instead of those overhigh sound barriers, the noise reducer can be installed at the top of the shorter sound barrier to solve the problem of position conflict between the overhigh sound barrier and various structures. It can be deduced that, if there were in absence of reserved load capacity for an electrified railway reconstruction project of existing railway line or for a bridge project, the noise reducer might be installed at the top so as to improve noise reduction effect.