浅析美国的孕前保健特点及对我国的启示

Preconception care experience of the United States and its implications to China

近年来,妇女孕前的健康状态被公认为是影响妊娠结局的重要因素之一,越来越多的国家开始关注孕前保健。本文从健康状况监测评估、健康教育与健康促进以及针对危险因素进行干预等3方面分析总结了美国孕前保健的现状及特点。在此基础上结合我国孕前优生项目的管理和实施状况,提出以下建议:一要强化政府职责、建立长效机制,二要依托计划生育服务网络体系,三要开展具有针对性的服务,四要拓展服务内涵。

There is growing consensus that women＇s preconception health is one of the most important factors for their pregnan- cy outcomes. More and more governments have a great emphasis on preconception health and preconception care. The study analyzed the status of preconception care in the United States in three latitudes ： maternal assessment and monitoring, health promotion and counseling, and interventions to manage preexistent conditions for the reduction of risk factors. We also ex- plored advanced experiences of the United States in order to provide some references for further and sustainable development of preconception healtheare suitable for China. Four policy recommendations put forward are as follows ： （ 1 ） to strengthen the re- sponsibility of government and establish a long - term mechanism, （2） to consolidate service delivery model based on family planning service system, （3） to carry out specialized care targeting certain population, and （4） to expand service content.