超稠油掺炼供氢剂的减黏裂化研究

Study on application of hydrogen donor in visbreaking of ultra-heavy oil

以克拉玛依超稠油(CCY)为研究对象,选用其焦化馏分油HDA,HDB和HDC作为供氢剂,在高压反应釜中进行减黏裂化反应,考察了CCY掺炼供氢剂在不同反应条件下对产物分布及燃料油性质的影响,并与CCY净减黏反应进行对比。研究结果表明,掺炼供氢剂的减黏裂化效果要明显优于无供氢剂减黏的情况。在3种供氢剂中,HDB的供氢指数最大,掺炼HDB时的减黏裂化效果也最为理想。HDB存在下的CCY减黏裂化的最适宜的反应条件为反应温度420℃,反应时间为30 min,HDB的掺炼比为10%。在此反应条件下与未掺炼供氢剂相比,掺炼HDB时的裂化产物收率提高1.58%,缩合产物收率降低0.04%,而燃料油黏度降幅为36.52%,下降22.88 mm2/s,且燃料油安定性合格(斑点等级为二级)。

In the study of Karamay ultra-heavy crude oil（CCY）,the coking fractions i.e.HDA,HDB and HDC were selected as hydrogen donors for the visbreaking reaction in high-pressure reactor to study the impacts of blending hydrogen donor into CCY on the product distribution and fuel oil properties under different reaction conditions.The results were compared with those of visbreaking of pure CCY without blending of hydrogen donor.The study shows that the visbreaking results of blending hydrogen donor is superior over those of visbreaking without blending hydrogen donor.Among these 3 hydrogen donors,DHB has the highest hydrogen donation index,and therefore has the highest visbreaking performance when it is blended into the feed.The most favorable conditions for visbreaking of CCY blended with HDB are 420 ℃ reaction temperature,30 minutes reaction time and 10% blending ratio of HDB.As compared with visbreaking without blending hydrogen donor under these conditions,the visbreaking with HDB hydrogen donor is 1.58% higher in cracked product yields,0.04% lower in condensed products and 36.52% lower in fuel oil viscosity,i.e.a reduction of 22.88 mm2/s.The stability of the fuel oil meets the specifications.