论歌德与龙格及弗里德里希之关系

An Analysis of the Relationship between Goethe and Runge&Friedrich

歌德的魏玛古典主义最重要的特质在于倡导人性的尊严,耶拿浪漫派放弃歌德的立场而走向神秘主义,歌德因此将他们的精神看作是不健康的。对受耶拿浪漫派影响的浪漫派画家龙格与弗里德里希,歌德既肯定他们的才华,同时也认为他们的艺术追求中缺少人性尊严这样一种绝对性的道德维度;而龙格与弗里德里希在尊重歌德的同时亦认为他坚持的是一种过时了的艺术观,因而不能完全接受他的观点。

The most important quality of Goethe＇s Weimar classicism was to advocate the human dignity. But the Jena Romanticists did not agree with Goethe＇s argument and promoted a kind of mysticism. So Goethe insisted that their spirits were not healthy. Runge and Friedrich, as Romantic painters, were directly influenced by the Jena Romanticists, but Goethe did not simply refuse them. Goethe praised their art talents, but thought that there was lack of such an absolute moral dimension as the human dignity in their paintings. He pointed out that their working methods were wrong. In spite of Runge and Friedrich respected for Goethe, they could not accept Goethe＇s artistic views because they regarded him as the outdated one. And Goethe gradually understood the spirits of Romantic art in the process of communication with them.