湖南省燃煤污染型氟病区降氟炉灶使用现状分析

Analysis of present situation of lowering fluoride stove's utilization in coal smoke fluorosis areas in Hunan province

目的 了解湖南省降氟炉灶的使用情况 ,提供防制氟中毒的决策依据。方法 对当前炉灶的全部结构进行调查。结果 全部指标合格的炉灶占调查灶数的 5 3.36 % ,其中安化县最高 (5 7.77% ) ,耒阳县次之(4 5 .18% ) ,而溆浦、保靖县合格数为零 (均全部损坏而不能使用 )。在能使用的炉灶中 ,合格率最低的指标为炉盖、炉膛、烟囱三部分 ,分别为 5 8.6 0 %、6 5 .5 6 %、5 6 .98%。结论 炉盖、炉膛、烟囱是降氟效果好坏的关键部件 ,在改灶降氟防制地方性氟中毒时 ,对上述结构及部件要引起特别注意 ,要选用合适的材料和设计出良好的方案以及培训出较好的改灶人员 ,使改灶的成功率得到提高。炉灶在使用过程中 ,经常维修和保养 。

Objective To understand the present situation of lowering fluoride stove's utilization.Methods Investigate all structures of stove by cross sectional study.Results The stoves that all indexs are qualified are 53.36% of all the invested stoves.It is the highest in Anhua county (57.77%),and the second is Leiyang county (45.18%).But all of the stoves were destoryed in Xupu and Baoqin county.The structures whose quality rate is the lowest are the lid,the chamber,and the chimney of the stove,the rates are respectively 58.60%,65.56%,56.98%.Conclusions The lid,chamber and chimney of stove are the key of the improving stove to lower fluoride,we should pay more attention to these structures in order to lower fluoride.We should select the right material,design a good programme and train personal,so as to improve the success rate of improving stove.At the same time,we should maintain it regularly to assure the effect.