美国文化政策的形成

China’s Characteristics in Public Policy Implementation

美国既不是如一种观点所认为的没有文化政策,也不是如另一种观点所认为的根本就不应该有文化政策。一方面,对文化的价值理念要求政府远离文化,另一方面,文化发展的现实需求又离不开政府的作为。从保护文化创作者的权利,到通过税收豁免引导社会资金支持文化,到直接资助文化项目,再到直接资助的制度化,在价值理念和现实需求之间达成了政府与文化的若干个契合点,从而完成了独特的文化政策话语表述的构建。

The United States is neither like the notion that it has no cultural policy,nor like another view that there should not be a cultural policy.On the one hand,the concept of cultural value requires the government to stay away from culture,On the other,the real needs of the development of culture is dependent on the government’s work.From the protection of cultural rights of the creator,to tax exemption to guide social capital to support culture,to the direct subsidy culture project,to direct funding of institutionalization,agreements are reached in value idea and the reality demand between culture and the government; hence,the construction of the unique cultural policy discourse ex-pression is completed.