摘要
现阶段,化石能源是决定一个国家社会经济发展的关键要素之一。在其使用过程中导致的CO2排放(简称碳排放)是化石能源消耗的直接量度,因此是国家社会经济发展的直接反映。本文通过对全球及中国的碳排放、社会经济、环境等历史数据的分析,探讨了人均累计碳排放量与社会发展,包括人均GDP、工业化、城市化、及就业率的关系。结果表明,工业化和城市化进程、就业率以及社会财富的积累与碳排放有着显著的正相关关系,减少排放将阻滞社会经济发展。另一方面,碳排放所带来的负面影响,包括污染问题、人类健康等问题也不容小觑。我国要吸取西方发达国家的经验教训,平衡好碳排放与社会发展之间的关系,坚持可持续发展,加快产业结构的优化与调整,推进生态文明建设,实现美丽中国的愿景。
Fossil energy is one of key factors to constrain social-economic development of a nation and thus the carbon emission from its combustion can be a measurement of the national social-eco- nomic development. In this paper, we analyzed the relationship between cumulative per capita car- bon emissions and four socio-economic indicators (per capita GDP, industrialization level, urbaniza- tion level, and employment rate), using historical datasets of carbon emissions, socioeconomic de- velopment, and environment both in the world and China. The results showed that the process of industrialization and urbanization, employment rate, and accumulation of social wealth were all sig- nificantly related with the amount of carbon emissions, and that the reduced carbon emissions could certainly constrain social-economic growth. On the other hand, the carbon emission could cause neg- ative impacts, including the probelems of environment pollutions and human health. Therefore, taking a lesson from developed countries on the development-environment relationships, China should balance the relationship between the carbon emissions and social-economic growth, adhere to sustainable development, speed up the optimization and adjustment of industrial structure, promote the ecological civilization construction, to fulfill the vision of "Beautiful China".
出处
《科学与社会》
CSSCI
2013年第2期1-13,共13页
Science and Society
基金
中科院学部资助
关键词
碳排放
工业化
城市化
就业率
可持续发展
Carbon emissions, Industrialization, Urbanization, Employment rate, Sustainable de- velopment