清代生息银两的演变及其对金融市场的影响

Interest-bearing Silver System in Qing Dynasty:Evolution and Impact on Financial Markets

生息银两制度是由政府拨出一项专用资金,将其交予商人或者政府官员进行营运生息的制度。康熙朝是生息制度的初创期,雍正一朝迎来该制度的成熟和飞跃,到乾隆朝由于制度的腐化最终走向衰落,销声匿迹。三个阶段清代生息银两制度的用途、发商方式是迥然不同的。另外,生息制度对当铺、银钱比价具有调节作用且对市场通货膨胀也产生影响。

This paper is divided into three stages to introduce the interest-bearing-silver system of Qing Dynasty,with the focus on different interest-bearing-silver system in three periods of Kangxi,Yongzheng and Qianlong.The interest-bearing-silver system was established in the reign of Kangxi and well developed in Yongzheng period,but corruption made it decline and eventually disappear in Qianlong period.The interest-bearing silver system has a great impact on pawn shops,price regulation,inflation and financial markets.