海外汉学研究的主要模式——兼论历史学模式的难点

Major Approaches of Overseas Sinology Research-On the Difficulties of the Historical Approach

在国内学界对海外汉学的研究中,比较文学、历史学的研究模式应用最为广泛。比较文学的研究模式强调"归化",以中国文化为轴心进行中外文化的勾连和比较。而历史学的研究路径呈现"异化",主张把握海外汉学的"外国学"本质,这就需要研究者深入外国的学术传统。而汉学在西方学术体系中只是东方学的一个分支,在东方学浩瀚的宏观构架下考量汉学就成了研究者必经的漫漫蜀道。

Among researches on overseas Sinology within domestic academic circle,the comparative literature and history approaches are most widely used. The comparative literature approach emphasizes 'naturalization ' and takes Chinese culture as the axis around which the Chinese culture and foreign cultures are connected and compared. The historical approach presents'alienation'and proposes to grasp the 'foreign studies'essence of overseas Sinology,which requires penetration into foreign academic traditions on the part of the researchers. Sinology is merely a branch of oriental studies within the Western academic system,and therefore reviewing Sinology under the vast grand structure of oriental studies becomes the long and lonely road that must be taken by researchers.