20味中药提取物对鸭疫里默氏杆菌体外抑菌效果的研究

Study on the Effect of Twenty Kinds of Chinese Traditional Medicine Extracts against Riemerella anatipestifer in vitro

试验旨在筛选得到对鸭疫里默氏杆菌有良好体外抑菌效果的中药。采用超声波处理、乙醇回流、水浴加热等方法提取杜仲等中药的有效部位,用二倍试管稀释法分别测定其提取物对鸭疫里默氏杆菌的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitoryconcentration,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(minimal bactericidal concentration,MBC),并通过棋盘法测定中药提取物对鸭疫里默氏杆菌的联合抑菌效果。结果表明,杜仲等中药提取物对鸭疫里默氏杆菌的MIC值范围为15.60～250.00mg/mL,其中杜仲、大黄、板蓝根、佛手、秦皮和大青叶的MIC值均为15.60mg/mL,而金银花、姜黄、黄芩、黄芪和紫草MIC值均大于125.00mg/mL;通过联合抑菌研究,结果发现杜仲和秦皮联合具有相加作用,白头翁、杜仲和秦皮联合均表现无关作用,秦皮与大黄联合表现相加作用,白头翁与大黄联合表现颉颃作用。提示,杜仲、大黄、板蓝根、佛手、秦皮和大青叶对鸭疫里默氏杆菌的体外抑菌作用较好,而金银花、姜黄、黄芩、黄芪和紫草对鸭疫里默氏杆菌的体外抑菌作用较差,杜仲、秦皮和白头翁可组成一个具有抑制鸭疫里默氏杆菌作用的中药组方。

The experiment was conducted to screen Chinese medicine which had good antibacterial effect in vitro of Rieme- rella anatipestifer. To extract the effective component of Cortex Eucommiae and other traditional Chinese medicine were by means of ultrasonic processing, ethanol and water bath heating, using tube double dilution method to determining the minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimal bactericidal concentration （MBC） of the extracts against Riemerella anatipestifer, determing the effect on the united bacteriostasis extracts of traditional Chinese medicine on Riemerella anatipestifer through thechessboard method. The results showed that the MIC ranged from the extracts of Cortex Eucommiae and other Chinese medicines on Riemerella anatipestifer were 15.60 to 250.00 mg/mL. The MIC of Cortex l^ucommiae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei., Radix Isatidis, Fructus Cirri Sarcodactylis, Cortex Fraxini and Isatidis Foliumwere all 15.60 mg/mL. But the MIC of Flos Lonicerae Japnicae, Rhizoma Curcumae Longae, Radix Scutellariae, Radix Astragalus and Radix Arnebia were more than 125.00 mg/mL. Through a combination of antimicrobial, we could discovery that Cortex Eucommiae combined with Cortex Fraxini had additive effects, Radix Pulsatilla combined with Cortex Eucommiae and Cortex Fraxini were inde- pendent of the united, Radix Pulsatilla combined with Radix et Rhizoma Rhei performance antagonism. Therefore, Cortex Eucommiae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Isatidis, Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, Cortex Fraxini and Isatidis Folium had good effects on Riemerella anatipestifer in vitro. Flos Lonicerae Japnicae , Rhizoma Curcumae Longae , Radix Seutellariae , Radix Astragalus and Radix Arnebia had no effect on Riemerella anatipestifer. Cortex Eucommia , Cortex Fraxini and Ra- dix Pulsatilla could form a prescription inhibition on Riemerella anatipestifer.