光合细菌产氢研究进展与问题

Progress and problems of hydrogen production by photosynthetic bacteria

化石能源的日益枯竭及其长期使用造成了严重的环境污染,寻找清洁的可再生能源成为当前亟待解决的世界性重大课题。光合细菌产氢以其较高的底物转化效率、较高的光能利用率以及能够灵活利用多种小分子有机酸等特点而成为大规模生物产氢的研究热点。文章从光合细菌产氢机理(主要针对光合单位、固氮酶和氢酶的联合产氢机理)、影响光合细菌产氢的各种物理因素和如何提高光合细菌的产氢量等方面,系统介绍了当前国内外光合细菌产氢的最新研究结果及进展,并对该领域研究存在的主要问题及发展趋势进行了简要评述。

Fossil energy is increasingly exhausted, and its long-term use causes serious environmental pollution. So looking for renewable energy has become a universal issue to be solved. Hydrogen production by photosynthetic bacteria is a research focus in large-scale Bio-hydrogen production field due to its higher suhstrate conversion efficiency, better light energy utilization and more flexible in utilization of a wide variety of small molecule organic acids. The article introduced the research progress of hydrogen production by photosynthetic bacteria from hydrogen-producing mechanism （mainly on the photosynthetic unit, nitrogenase and hydrogenase combined system for hydrogen production）, effects of physicochemical factors on the production rates and strategies that could improve the hydrogen yield . The main problems and development in the field were also dis- cussed.