不同氮素形态和浓度对大青叶生物量与生物碱类成分的影响

Effect of different nitrogen forms and concentrations on biomass and alkaloids of Isatidis Folium

目的:分析不同氮素形态及不同浓度氮素施肥对大青叶生物量与生物碱类成分的影响,为研究提高菘蓝对氮素的利用效率提供理论依据。方法:采用大棚砂培种植菘蓝,正交设计L25(56),以大青叶的生物量及靛蓝、靛玉红含量为指标,分析3因素硝态氮(N03--N)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)和酰胺态氮[CO(NH2)2]和5种不同氮素浓度对菘蓝的影响。结果:不同的氮素形态和浓度对大青叶生物量与生物碱类成分含量的影响存在较大差异,酰胺态氮对大青叶生物量的影响最大,铵态氮对靛玉红影响更大;综合考虑其生物量与生物碱成分含量,优选出1个最佳的施氮组合,即17号组合(NH4)2SO4浓度为7.5mmol·L-1,KNO3浓度为2.5 mmol·L-1,CO(NH2)2浓度为5 mmol·L-1。结论:菘蓝前期以促生长为主,经济有效的平衡施氮组合能合理促进菘蓝植株生长,提高大青叶的活性成分的含量和单株生物量。

Objective： In order to provide theoretical basis of improving nitrogen utilization efficiency in Isatis indigotica, the biomass and active components in Isatidis Folium under different nitrogen forms and concentrations were analyzed. Method： I. indigot-ica was cultivated by sand culture in greenhouse, and the experiment was designed with orthogonal test L25 （56）. As an index to the bi-omass and indigo, indirubin, the effects on the I. indigotica by three factors [ NO3^- -N, NH4^＋ -N, CO（NH2） 2 ] at five different levels were studied. Result： There were significant difference of the biomass and active components by different nitrogen forms and concentra-tions. The effect of amide nitrogen [ CO（ NH2 ）2 ] on biomass of Isatidis Folium was the most apparent, and the effect of ammonium ni-trogen on indirubin was more obvious. Considering the biomass and active ingredient, one combination was optimized, which was （NH4） 2 So4-7. 5 mmol · L^-1, KNO3-2.5 mmol · L^-1, CO （NH2 ）2-5 mmol · L^-1. Conclusion： It is important to promote the growth in pre-stage of L indigotica, and cost-effective combination of balanced nitrogen fertilizer could reasonably promote the growth, and im-prove the contents of active components and individual biomass.