1901-1910年清政府应对民变的措施及其评价

The Government Response of the Qing Dynasty to Civil Commotions from 1901 to 1910and the Evaluation

1901-1910年全国各地发生民变一千多起。民变的频繁发生动摇了晚清政府的统治根基。防止民变,必须分析民变发生的原因,动辄诉诸武力是当局应对无能的表现。每一次突发性事件都可能是民变发生的导火线,及时到位地处理好天灾人祸,可察民情、体民忧、解民困、化民怨,避免民变的发生。民变一旦发生,为官者如何应对,体现了官员的素质和能力。晚清政府主要从控制舆论、调兵镇压、安抚民众、惩治官吏等四个方面应对。民变应对及时得当,可使大事化小,小事化了。反之,则使矛盾激化,事件升级,酿成祸难。

From 1901 to 1910 more than one thousand civil commotions took place all over the coun try, which shook the ruling foundation of the late Qing government. The causes of the uprisings must be ex plored to prevent them, for it is incompetent of the authority to merely resort to force. Every sudden event may be the direct cause of a civil commotion, so timely treatment of natural and man-made disasters can be considerate enough for the civilians to tackle difficulties, to reduce people ＇s resentment and prevent civil commotions, once civil commotions happens, how officials respond to them reflects their quality and ability.