国外公共图书馆应对审查制度的实践探究——基于知识自由理念的视角

The Reponses to Censorship Challenges in Public Libraries Abroad——Based on Principles of Intellectual Freedom

公共图书馆事业的核心理念和最高使命在于保障公民的知识自由,但是自公共图书馆诞生之日起,审查制度就与其相生相伴。为此国际层面及国家层面的图书馆组织纷纷在知识自由政策以及图书馆员职业道德准则中对审查制度予以反抗。在实践中,公共图书馆通过利用知识自由声明和馆藏发展政策、移动或重新归类文献及为含有争议内容的文献提供警告等措施应对审查制度的挑战。

The core idea and the highest mission of the librarianship is to ensure human beings to obtain and utilize information and knowledge equally, but in public libraries censorship is ＇as old as the public library movement itself＇ . The statement that public library should resist censorship challenges is elaborated in the policy statements and codes of ethics for librarians associated with intellectual freedom from international and librarianship community. The responses by public libraries to censorship challenges to literature are summarized as judging by the professional principles of intellectual freedom and collection development policies; moving or reclassifying material; warnings provided regarding content.