营运车辆驾驶员驾驶适宜性暗适应分级评价指标确立

Establishing Graded Evaluation Indexes of Dark-adaptation for Commercial Vehicle Drivers

暗适应作为驾驶适宜性的一个重要检测项目,影响驾驶员行车安全,需要制定其检测评价指标。介绍了暗适应的检测仪器与方法,然后合理地从5 167名营运车辆驾驶员检测数据中选择出4 596个有效样本,从样本总体特征得到样本分布情况;通过对样本的处理与分析,得出暗适应与年龄及事故次数间存在显著性,以及事故组驾驶员暗适应检测均值与年龄、驾龄间关系;最后验证了样本数据和设备的有效性,通过单因素方差分析与K-均值聚类法,按照年龄以40岁为界进行分组,计算确定出不同年龄区间的暗适应评价指标值。

As an important item of driving suitability test, dark-adaptation influences the driving safety, which needs to formulate evaluation index. First, the clark-adaptation detection instruments and methods are introduced. Then, 4 596 effective samples are reasonably chosen from 5 167 operating vehicle drivers, which get the sample distribution from the general sample characteristics. By processing and analyzing these samples, it is found that there are significance between dark-adaptation and age, and the relation of accident number, and the relation between detected mean value of dark-adaptation with age and driving age of drivers of accident group are obtained. Finally, the effectiveness of sample data and equipment are verified. The dark-adaptation evaluation index values are calculated by the methods of one way ANOVA and K-means clustering based on grouping the ages by 40 years old.