不同性别、婚姻状况和年龄对青海省高原地区自然人群体质影响研究

Study of Constitution Affected by Different Genders Marriage and Ages in Highland of Qinghai Province

目的:初步了解青海省高原地区自然人群的中医体质类型分布状况,以及不同年龄、职业、婚姻状况等对其中医体质类型分布的影响。为根据该地区自然人群体质类型分布状况和趋势积极预防、治疗相关疾病提供可靠的依据和方向。方法:采用标准化的9种中医体质量表对300例自然人群实施横断面现状调查。结果:平和质42例,单纯偏颇体质19例,兼夹偏颇体质194例。8种偏颇体质总的分布状况是,气虚质最多(98例,41.53%)(单纯气虚质与兼夹质中气虚质例数之和,下同),其次为阳虚质(77例,32.63%),阴虚质(68例,28.81%),痰湿质(65例,27.54%),气郁质(66例,27.97%),湿热质(56例,23.73%),平和质(42例,17.80%),瘀血质(40例,16.95%),特禀质(33例,13.98%)。根据性别、婚姻状况、年龄的不同又有分布的不同。结论:青海省高原地区自然人群的9种中医体质类型分布人群中的分布存在一定的差异性,兼夹体质在人群中占有一定的比例。气虚质、阳虚质、阴虚质、痰湿质、气郁质依次位居偏颇体质的前五位。高原环境、性别因素、婚姻状况、年龄增长、饮食习惯等都是导致高原地区人群体质特点的重要因素。因时、因地、因生活环境和自身情况等多方面综合分析自身体质,辨体质扶正纠偏,是最终达到阴平阳秘的平和质,提高生活质量重要方法。

Objective：To investigate the distribution of constitution in highland people of Qinghai province and the effect of different ages,marriage and genders,which could provide evidence for the prevention and treatment.Methods：The current situation of more than 300 people＇s constitution in Qinghai province was studied with the standard constitution scale.Results：42 people were mildly constitution,19 were partial constitution while 194 clamp partial constitution.In 8 partial constitutions,the most was qi deficiency（98 cases,41.53%）,following by yang deficiency（77 cases,32.63%）,yin deficiency（68 cases,28.81%）,phlegm-damp（65 cases,27.54%）,qi stagnation（66 cases,27.97%）,damp-heat（56 cases,23.73%）,mildly constitution（42 cases,17.80%）,blood stasis（40 cases,16.95%）,allergic constitution（33 cases,13.98%）.There were differences among gender,marriage and ages.Conclusion：There are differences of constitution distribution in highland people in Qinghai province,the clamp partial constitution makes certain proportion.Qi deficiency,yang deficiency,yin deficiency,phlegm-damp,qi stagnation are the top five.The altitude environment,gender,marriage,age and dietary habit could affect the constitution.Treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions,local conditions and the patients＇ individuality could balance the constitution and improve the quality of life.