著作权法视域下“发行”释义

Interpretation of Publication in the Sight of the Copyright Law

法律用语中的"发行"有别于日常用语中的"发行",而在现行《著作权法》中,发行行为的含义更具有独特性。在《著作权法》中,发行权控制下的发行行为的内涵要明显广于日常用语中的该行为的内涵。它不仅仅是一种狭义发行行为,更是一种有形发行行为。客体特征和物理特征是发行行为应当具备的两个显著特征。发行行为的客体特征是应当面向不特定的人或特定之多数人提供作品的原件或复制件;其物理特征是应当以转移作品有形物质载体所有权的方式提供作品的原件或复制件。随着网络技术的发展,发行行为的实现途径由相对固定和单一的出售方式,日益转变为相对灵活和多元的出售、赠与和其他方式。这不仅证明了发行行为不同于复制行为,也彰显了发行行为的独立意义和价值。

The legal term publication is different from the daily-used one and much more distinctive in the current copyright law.In the Copyright Law,the connotation of the publication behavior under the control of the distribution rights is significantly wider than that of this behavior in daily expressions.This publication behavior is not only narrow but also tangible.It has objective characteristics and physical characteristics,and the former refers to offering originals or copies to non-specific people or specific majorities,while the latter means offering originals or copies in the form of transferring the proprietary rights of tangible material carrier of the works.With the development of network technology,the realization approaches of publication behavior have changed increasingly from the fixed and single sale to the flexible and diversified sale,even donation and other ways.All this shows that publication behavior differs form replication acts and has significance and value of its own.