试论社会主义一般与特殊——从社会主义在中国的早期传播谈起

An Analysis of General and Special of Socialism:Talking from the Early Spread of Socialism in China

社会主义在中国的早期传播过程,也是中国先进分子对社会主义一般与特殊的理解过程。中国早期先知对"社会主义"一般规定性的理解和认知至少包括三个方面的共识,即社会主义是人类社会发展的趋势和潮流;社会主义是解决社会问题,代替资本主义的主义;社会主义是主张公有、平等的主义。在此基础上,以中国共产党人为代表的社会主义者在开展社会主义运动的过程中进一步深化了对中国社会主义特殊性的理解,即并非所有资产阶级都是中国社会主义运动的敌人;中国的社会主义运动分为两个阶段,首要目标是进行民主革命;中国社会主义运动的成功要充分发挥农民阶级的积极性。先进中国人对社会主义一般与特殊的早期理解产生了广泛而深远的影响。

The process of the early spread of socialism in China was also the process of under- standing of the general and special of socialism with advanced elements of China. There were at least three areas of consensus on the awareness of the general of socialism： Socialism is the trend of the development of human society; Socialism is to solve social problems, and a doctrine to instead of capitalism; Socialism is advocated public, equal doctrine. On this basis, in carrying out the process of the socialist movement, Communists in China as the representative of socialists had further deepen the understanding of the Chinese characteristic socialism： Not all Chinese bourgeois are enemies of the socialist movement in China; China＇ s socialist movement is divided into two stages, the primary objective is to carry out democratic revolution; we should give full playing of the enthusiasm of the peasant class in order to get success of China＇s socialist movement. The early understanding of the general and special of socialism have a broad and far-reaching impact.