坡面非均匀沙起动规律研究综述

Review of study of laws of incipient motion for nonuniform sediments on sloping land

系统地分析与总结了国内外关于坡面非均匀沙起动研究的新成果及进展情况,并分析了泥沙起动的河床组成、岸坡坡度、渗流以及近底水流结构等主要影响因素.在此基础上,指出了3种泥沙起动临界判别条件(起动切应力、起动流速和起动功率)研究与应用中存在的问题,并以非均匀沙的暴露度分析为例,对比了不同学者关于暴露度表达式与分布形式的异同,认为坡面非均匀沙的起动是水力泥沙等多因素综合作用的结果,需要识别坡面非均匀沙起动的主要影响因子,探求多因素作用下的泥沙起动条件,才能进一步揭示泥沙起动的内在规律,完善复杂条件下的泥沙起动判别条件.

Based on the comprehensively analytical and inductive research of new achievements and progress on the laws of incipient motion for nonuniform sediment on sloping land at home and abroad and the analysis of the main influencing factors such as riverbed composition,bank slope,seepage and bottom flow structure,this paper points out the problems of the three kinds of incipient motion conditions（critical shear stress,incipient velocity and incipient power）existing in the research and application of nonuniform sediment incipient motion.With exposure degree analysis of nonuniform sediment for example,the similarities and differences of exposure degree expression and distribution form were compared between the different scholars.And argues that only by considering the hydraulic and sediment characteristics,identifying the main influencing factors of nonuniform sediment on sloping land,exploring the incipient motion conditions under coupled effects of multifactor with each other,incipient motion criterion could be further improved and inherent laws governing incipient motion phenomena could be revealed too.